This article analyzes the quality of physical education in schools based on graduates’ assessments. The objectives included examining perceptions of teacher professionalism, program diversity, lesson conditions, and the impact of physical education on self-esteem and attitudes toward sports. The study authors present the results of an online survey conducted with 55 graduates, primarily aged 18–22. It is concluded that the majority of respondents evaluate their teachers positively and retain warm emotional memories. However, some problems were also identified, namely formalistic standards, limited choice, and isolated instances of unsatisfactory conditions. Graduates expect a more individualized, flexible, and supportive system of physical education teaching.

This article provides a sociological analysis of the transformation of ideology under the conditions of radical uncertainty characteristic of late modern societies and digital capitalism. The relevance of this work is determined by the significant weakening of the explanatory potential of traditional concepts of ideology, which focus either on the structural stability of social orders or on the thesis of the “end of ideology” in the context of fragmented public space. This study aimed to reconstruct theoretically the discursive-hegemonic concept of E. Laclau and C. Mouffe and to identify the potential for its sociological application in the analysis of contemporary ideological processes. The study is methodologically based on the application of theoretical-analytical and hermeneutical approaches, as well as a comparative analysis of competing interpretations of ideology in sociology and political theory. It has been revealed that under conditions of radical uncertainty, the ideology functions not as a complete system of ideas, but as a process of contingent articulation of meanings, implemented through the struggle for hegemony around “empty” and “floating” signifiers. Particular attention is paid to the interaction of the macro-level structures of digital capitalism and the micropractices of everyday meaning production in algorithmically shaped public spaces. It has been concluded that ideology in the digital age acquires the form of a distributed and affectively saturated hegemony that does not eliminate uncertainty but only temporarily stabilizes it. The obtained scientific results expand the analytical capabilities of the sociological approach to understanding the ideology and clarify its categorical apparatus in relation to the conditions of accelerated social change.

This article examines the coverage of social issues emerging in Russian society, using St. Petersburg media resources. Social issues represent a topical subject for the mass media, confirming the growing importance of social journalism. The authors analyzed the coverage of social issues in the St. Petersburg media space. The current state of the media market of the city under study was analyzed, and the most frequently cited regional information resources were identified. The article presents an analytical overview of the quantity and quality of social media publications, as well as the study results.

This article examines the theoretical justification and practical aspects of the activities of the Center for Sociocultural Adaptation of Foreign Citizens as an institutional mechanism for harmonizing inter-ethnic relations in a multinational region. Based on the data of conflict monitoring conducted in the Khabarovsk Territory in 2024, key factors of tension were identified, including the language barrier, cultural differences, and behavioral stereotypes. The study demonstrated that the ambivalence of ethnoconfessional relations requires a comprehensive approach. The authors substantiate the need to institutionalize adaptation practices, including through a regional center providing information and consulting support, language training, education in the law, and monitoring integration processes.

This article examines the evolution of recruitment structures at various stages of the existence of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation (CPRF) faction in the State Duma of the Russian Federation (convocations V–VIII). It presents the results of a quantitative study of the CPRF faction, which provides a detailed description of the sources of recruitment for the political elite analyzed. Using a structural-biographical method, the author identified key sources of personnel reproduction within the deputy faction based on a wide range of data from official websites, biographical portals, media materials, and other sources. It also presents the approach of the American sociologist R. Collins, in particular, his definition of the concept of “cultural capital”. It is concluded that within the faction, there is a core of deputies whose representatives have been consistently re-elected to parliament over the past four convocations. It is shown that, despite the constant renewal of the majority of deputies, the political elite as a whole remains stable. At the same time, the author concludes that there is a certain gap between the parliamentary core and the rest of the faction, which have somewhat different levels of representation in terms of recruitment sources.

This article argues that the transition from traditional to participatorypolylogical contexts of human resource management using digital technologies, including artificial intelligence, presupposes equal positions of participants in collaborative activities. Achieving conventionality in participatory-polylogical activities creates a natural, shared direction for actions in a specific situation. This facilitates the adoption and implementation of management decisions optimized taking into account all opinions. Under a technobureaucratic, monological management system, this often led to resistance and subsequent ineffective, unproductive activity at the local level, especially in remote rotation-based work environments. A pressing objective of research in the sociology of management aimed at providing human resources to Arctic regions is studying the social parameters of the use of digital human resource management technologies under participatory-polylogical conditions for remote and rotation-based work, while recording the level of conventionality in the polylogue. The scientific significance consists in the substantiation of the objective of sociological research on the selection, recording, and monitoring of social parameters using digital technologies, including artificial intelligence, in the context of the change from a techno-bureaucratic monological human resources management system toward participatory-polylogical conditions in the process of collaborative activities. This article serves as a substantiation of one of the research objectives in the field of sociology of human resources management.

This article explores the relationship between employee weaknesses and entrepreneurial resilience within the context of cultural management practices in Nigerian enterprises. It addresses the persistent challenge in the Nigerian business environment of achieving entrepreneurial success despite recurring employee drawbacks, such as lack of motivation, insufficient skills, and resistance to innovation. The authors used the sociology of culture and theories of organizational behavior to explore the issues on the way the entrepreneurs strategically address these internal constraints, enhancing resilience through adaptive leadership, symbolic capital, informal networks, and local cultural norms. Data were collected through expert interviews with representatives of selected small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) operating in Nigeria. It was concluded that entrepreneurial resilience is not simply a matter of individual will; it is culturally created and supported through purposeful social practices, including motivational rituals, collective responsibility, and symbolic rewards. Such practices help business leaders cope with systemic shortage of manpower while maintaining organizational impetus and competitive advantage. The findings provide insight into the way culturally embedded management practices contribute to addressing structural vulnerabilities and highlight the need to align resilience with sociocultural factors in Nigeria’s volatile business landscape.

This article examines current issues of legal regulation of economic relations in Mongolia in the context of a transitional and post-transition economy. It is argued that over the past three decades, the country has developed a comprehensive system of economic legislation aimed at ensuring market mechanisms, developing entrepreneurship, and attracting investment. However, instability in the regulatory framework, frequent amendments to laws, insufficient coordination of legal institutions, and poor predictability of law enforcement practices continue to impact negatively the business environment and the sustainability of economic development. The author focuses on analyzing systemic problems in licensing and permitting, tax and financial regulation, natural resource management, the functioning of the National Welfare Fund, as well as the implementation of contractual obligations and judicial protection of economic rights. The analysis of legislation, policy documents of the Government of Mongolia, and recommendations from international organizations were used to identify key institutional constraints hindering the development of a stable and competitive economy. The study substantiates the need for a comprehensive reform of economic legislation aimed at increasing legal certainty, strengthening the rule-of-law principle, reducing administrative barriers, and developing effective mechanisms for government regulation. It concludes that improving economic law serves as a strategic prerequisite for sustainable growth, investment attractiveness, and socioeconomic development in Mongolia.

This article substantiates the relevance of research into the administrative and legal regulation of liability related to driving under influence and supports this research with statistical data provided by the Scientific Center for Road Safety of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia on the number of drivers held administratively liable for driving under influence or refusing a medical examination for intoxication. A study of statistics over the past five years and the application of Russian administrative law have revealed an increase in the number of fatalities and injuries in road accidents involving intoxicated drivers. The work identified elements of an administrative and legal mechanism for preventing offenses related to driving under influence. Five interrelated aspects of the offense prevention mechanism, as provided for in Article 12.8 of the Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offenses (CAO RF), are highlighted. The authors propose the most promising administrativelegal measures for disciplining citizens to prevent them from committing offenses related to driving under influence.

This article analyzes the mechanisms for functioning and interaction of public authorities in the Russian Federation (RF) and its entities. The author emphasizes the existence of regional levels of governmental power in each constituent entity of the Russian Federation, which allows for consideration of regional specificities while strictly adhering to federal legislation and the Constitution of Russia. The article reveals the essence of the principle of separation of powers, which is the foundation of democracy and legal stability. The article also clarifies the powers of the legislative bodies of the RF constituent entities, represented by parliaments, as well as the structure and functions of the executive bodies headed by senior officials. The issues of the need for regional legislation to comply with federal norms and potential inconsistencies in legal regulation are discussed. The article concludes on the impact of regional specificities on the effectiveness of legal regulation and the interaction between various levels of public authority in Russia.

The range of problems of procedural interaction with minor suspects and accused persons present a particular challenge for pretrial investigation agencies. This study aims to analyze comprehensively the legal, psychological, and organizational difficulties associated with interrogating a minor suspect or accused person, followed by the development of scientifically substantiated methods for overcoming them. The study is based on a comprehensive comparative approach to procedural law, a systemic analysis of legislative frameworks, and a summary of law enforcement practice, supplemented by a synthesis of developmental and legal psychology concepts. A number of shortcomings were also identified, namely the participation of an attorney at law and legal representative is often nominal, having no significant impact on the investigator’s interaction with the person being interrogated; manipulative tactics are disguised as informal dialogue; procedural time constraints are systematically ignored; and investigative staff are insufficiently trained in developmental psychology and communication techniques. It is argued that institutional mechanisms for protecting the interests of minors are being transformed into a formalized procedure devoid of real content and failing to influence the quality of psychological interaction, which in some situations increases the emotional stress of the person being interrogated.
The study demonstrates the need for a comprehensive reform of existing practices. A priority is the legislative establishment of the mandatory involvement of a psychologist specializing in the age-related characteristics of adolescents in procedural actions involving minors. Detailed methodological guidelines focusing on non-verbal interaction and building trusting relationships are also required. Video recording of investigative steps should be implemented without exception, ensuring the transparency of the procedure. At the same time, the author believes it would be advisable to introduce targeted educational programs for investigative staff specializing in working with this category of participants. The combination of the proposed reforms will transform the formal declaration of protection of minors into an effective mechanism ensuring the receipt of objective information while minimizing psychological trauma. This simultaneously serves to implement procedural objectives and humanistic imperatives.

This article examines the issues of incorporating child support clauses into prenuptial agreements, analyzes the provisions of the Family Code of the Russian Federation and judicial practice, including the standpoint of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation. The work identified differences between prenuptial agreements and alimony agreements, and considered the consequences of nullity of alimony clauses. It also provides recommendations for lawyers and notaries on drafting and protecting the interests of the parties.

Artificial intelligence is currently acting as one of the key drivers of global digital transformation, exerting a systemic impact on economic structures and labor market dynamics worldwide. Its accelerated development, based on automation, big data processing, algorithmic decision-making, and next-generation robotics, expands significantly the capabilities of technological systems to improve human productivity and replace labor in a wide range of industries. Despite the significant contribution of artificial intelligence to increased efficiency, reduced operating costs, and improved management decision accuracy, these processes are accompanied by socioeconomic risks, including the transformation of the professional structure of employment, the displacement of workers from traditional fields of activity, increased income inequality, and the formation of fundamentally new requirements for manpower skills. This study aimed to identify global trends in the development of artificial intelligence, analyze its ambivalent impact on the world of work, and to assess the current and prospective consequences of its implementation for the Mongolian labor market based on a comparative analysis of international experience. The research findings demonstrate that artificial intelligence is steadily integrating into strategically significant sectors such as mining, healthcare, education, finance, and media, transforming the contents of work activities and stimulating demand for new professional profiles focused on high-level knowledge, digital skills, and creative competencies. At the same time, risks are increasing which are related to personal data protection, information security, and algorithmic discrimination capable of undermining principles of equality and fairness in labor relations. Despite initial efforts to study the impact of artificial intelligence in Mongolia, comprehensive empirical and regulatory research in this field remains fragmented. In particular, systematic assessments of occupational vulnerability, the scale of potential labor displacement, and the skill structure required to adapt to the digital economy remain lacking. This raises the pressing need for institutional alignment between AI-driven technological innovations and employment policies, labor legislation, and human capital development strategies. This article offers a scientifically based assessment of the impact of artificial intelligence on labor relations. Strategic priorities are formulated to ensure sustainable employment creation, increase adaptive readiness for technological advances, and strengthen workforce training system in Mongolia.

This article examines the legal and procedural issues that arise when holding controlling persons of a de facto inactive (so-called abandoned) company subsidiarily liable beyond the bankruptcy proceedings. It identifies and analyzes the challenges of proving circumstances indicating the controlling person’s guilt in the absence of an insolvency officer and the courts’ insufficient assistance in obtaining evidence for the creditor. The author identifies regulatory gaps and the heterogeneity of judicial practice. In conclusion, measures are proposed to improve legal regulation and develop uniform approaches to the consideration of such cases.