The article analyzes the nature of social contradictions from the positions of Marxism methodology and structuralist psychoanalysis. Dialectical analysis of Marxist interpreted contradictions allows the author to reveal the essence of industrial capitalism. Structuralist psychoanalysis in understanding the nature of social contradictions makes it possible to investigate the question of Russia’s retrograde return to capitalism and is able to explain the functioning of the modern capitalist system of global exploitation through the use of mechanisms of ideological phantasm. The procedure of neutralization of contradictions in modern Russian society is carried out by converting economic contradictions into political ones and through the implementation of the idea of “export of chaos”.

   The article argues that the XXI century is the pinnacle of time, when a person plays a predominant role in any relationship. The future involves the emergence of artificial intelligence that surpasses the human mind, the past underestimates the importance of each personality, its capital for the life of society as a whole. The article investigates the motivation of social and life success of the athlete’s personality. Status roles are identified, roles related to motivation are analyzed. The definition of the concept of “success” in the life of an athlete is given. As a result of the survey it is established that for students of the National State University of Physical Culture, Sports and Health (NSU) named after P. F. Lesgaft the definition of life values is one of the main tasks to achieve success.

   The article reveals the issue of the specificity of women’s management style in modern society. The barriers to the development of women’s leadership are considered, and the advantages of women’s management are described. The results of the conducted research on the specifics of women’s management style are presented. On its basis the authors define the prospects for the development of women’s management style and changes in the role of women in the modern world.

   The article is focused on the study of the factors of generalized trust in modern Chinese society. The use of cross-cultural research data to reveal the content of the concept of generalized trust and its structure in different national cultures is justified. For a more complete understanding of the results of sociological studies of interpersonal trust in China, their interpretation is proposed using the concept of “relationship-based trust”, reflecting the specificity of the Chinese phenomenon of trusting relationships as a personalized, affective, instrumental social bond.

   The purpose of the study is to develop a conceptual model of generalized trust in contemporary Chinese culture and to assess the possibility of using the data of cross-cultural sociological studies of generalized trust to reveal the content of the concept of “trust” in different national cultures, to study the social attitudes of trust.

   The novelty of the research results consists in the reasoned justification of the interpretation of the concept of interpersonal trust in the modern culture of China by means of the concept of “relationship-based trust”, as well as in the justification of the relevance of the application of the data of cross-cultural sociological research of generalized trust to reveal the content of the concept of generalized trust and its structure in different national cultures.

   The article deals with the fact that the progress of scientific research and the evolution of the global economic environment in the XXI century has caused significant transformations in the paradigms of the functioning of organizations, generating new strategies for doing business. Particular attention is paid to the study of the dynamics of the formation of command structures in the conditions of digital transformation, which necessitates a comprehensive scientific analysis, especially in the perspective of remote work organization. In this context, the digital space becomes a predominant arena of interaction, which affects the structuring and development of social interrelationships within organizations. The article investigates the process of team building and interaction in the organization in the conditions of digitalization, as well as the active introduction of the remote format of work in its activities. The study includes the stages of team formation, the impact of offline and online interaction, employee satisfaction, problems and decisions made by managers to compensate for the shortcomings of digitalization. The results indicate the need for further research in the areas of virtual collaboration skills, organizational culture management, and leadership adaptation to remote work environments to optimize virtual team processes.

   According to the author's position, the modern direction of sociology of management considers the field of problems around the discourse activity of an individual and social groups formed under the influence of social institutions and organizations in the process of managing digital means of communication between them. The methodology of management processes research requires new approaches to empirical sociological research, assuming the predisposition of the subject to a typical perception of activity conditions and a certain reaction, which is conditioned by the formed worldview and practical activity, which corresponds to foreign studies of postinstitutionalism. According to the author of the article, in order to apply the cluster analysis of empirical data, it is necessary to introduce conditional distances between institutional logics and practices of discourse subjects, hereinafter referred to as discursants, in the format of the research hypothesis. The present empirical study is based on the analysis of video recordings of the scientific seminar "Philo sophy of Complexity" of the Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), posted on the Internet, N = 121 (2019–2024); the analysis of discourse participants on the video recording of the report at the scientific seminar "Philosophy and IT" of the Insti tute of Philosophy of the RAS, posted on the Internet, N = 13 (2023).

   The article considers the characteristics of small business entities in the context of risky circumstances. The socio-economic characteristics of small enterprises are analyzed taking into account the new crisis phenomena and their influence on the construction of management strategies. In the process of research the interrelation between these characteristics and risk factors is established, the necessity of actualization of existing approaches and methods of management of small enterprises is proved. Methods of search, analysis and generalization of information were used. The sociological interpretation of the concept of “risk” in historical retrospect and taking into account modern approaches is given, as well as the main provisions of risk concepts are given. Among the key ones are socio-economic characteristics of small enterprises interrelated with risky circumstances. Limited capital investments, small number of employees, the need to fulfill social obligations, relatively low level of income, simpler organizational structure, uniqueness of goods and services produced, localization of markets, significant social burden are highlighted. It is concluded that modern transformations in various spheres of society increase the probability of crisis processes. At the same time, the level of risk is interrelated with the socio-economic characteristics of small enterprises, which are more exposed to risk consequences. Small business shows significant adaptive capabilities and readiness to quickly change management tactics in terms of predicting and regulating risks.

   Based on the provisions of international legal acts and norms of national legislation, the authors analyze the definition of the concept of “intellectual property”. The conceptual approaches of some Russian researchers to the understanding of this definition are considered. It is revealed that the modern content of the term “intellectual property” raises questions, and the attitude to it on the part of representatives of the scientific community is seen ambiguous. The institute of intellectual property has overcome a huge historical path. In turn, today its structure is generally logical and open to the changes occurring in society, unified in accordance with the main provisions of existing international treaties. At the same time, the institute of intellectual property develops with the growth of scientific and technological progress of this or that society, as well as the system of integrative ties between interested countries, which means that research in this area should and will continue.

   The publication is devoted to the critical analysis of the structure of the corpus delicti stipulated by Article 210.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (CC RF). Based on the results of the review of the norm the authors conclude that there is no act in it, which violates the basic provisions of criminal legislation. In the current construction of the corpus delicti the moment of its termination in practice is shifted to the beginning of the norm. The correlation of the act provided for by part 4 of article 210, article 210.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation is argued. The boundaries of these crimes are indicated. It is argued that gradual adaptation leads to smoothing of legal defects of the composition, but this process is not able to solve all problematic aspects of Art. 210.1 of the Criminal Code of the RF.

   The article considers the tools of customs and tax regulation in the Russian Federation, in particular in the sphere of pricing for taxation purposes and control over the customs value of goods imported into the customs territory of the Eurasian Economic Union. Given the complexity of the process of reviewing draft pricing agreements, as well as the frequency of movement of different goods across the customs border by one supplier or the identity of the transported goods of several suppliers, it is assumed that one of the tools of customs regulation is a customs value agreement. Such agreements can simplify the procedure of moving goods across the customs border of bona fide participants of foreign economic relations. The topic under study requires further development and analysis of the current national legislation in order to form theoretical and legal approaches to such an instrument of customs regulation, including in the aspect of establishing, regulating and determining the procedure for exercising the powers of customs authorities when concluding agreements with participants in foreign economic activity. According to the author’s position, the development of draft agreements selected for the study and their basic conditions can condition the emergence of other tools of customs regulation, ensuring the penetration of some concepts and tools of private law in public-law relations.

   An employment contract is not just a formal agreement on paper between an employer and an employee, but a document that establishes the specifics of employment. In Russian law, there are a number of well-known types of employment contracts (contracts), which differ in their nature and duration. The authors characterize the features and duration of employment contracts of certain types. The paper presents a comprehensive synthesis of the concept and polymorphism of labor contracts in the Russian Federation on the basis of current labor legislation and the practice of law enforcement.

   In the article the author reveals the questions about the specifics of termination of criminal cases under Art. 264 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (CC RF). A detailed analysis of the conditions and procedural order of reconciliation of the parties is carried out, as well as the legal consequences of this process are studied. In addition, problematic aspects, contradictions arising in connection with the reconciliation of the parties in the context of Art. 264 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation are identified and discussed. The author also offers ways of their possible solution.

   The article describes a comprehensive study of the problem of the legal status of persons replacing public offices of the subjects of the Russian Federation. The gaps in the legal regulation of the status of persons replacing public office holders at the regional level are identified. Attention is drawn to the lack of unified federal requirements both when appointing persons and when they carry out their activities. The necessity of development of a unified legal mechanism at the federal level is established.

   The article presents the results of the study of foreign and domestic legal norms on challenging the transactions of an insolvent debtor. On the basis of comparison of legal norms of England (Anglo-Saxon legal family), Saudi Arabia (religious law) and Russia (Romano-Germanic legal family) there are established common features and differences in approaches to definition of legal norms on contestation of insolvent debtor’s transactions.

   The article argues that the international business landscape has changed due to advances in information and communication technologies (ICT), which have led to digital transformation in all sectors of the economy. These processes have required legislators to urgently adapt traditional taxation methods to the digital economy. The author considers the concept of digital economy, its implications for tax systems. An attempt is made to analyze the main problems in the context of tax administration of the digital economy. According to the author, the current rules governing international taxation are designed to apply to enterprises physically present in the country and are not suitable for “digital” companies that do not have an identifiable physical presence in the states in which they conduct economic activities. The current proposed solutions to tax problems are analyzed: the concept of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) within the framework of work on BEPS, unilateral introduction of digital service tax by countries or application of indirect taxes (VAT, WHT, etc.), the concept of “profit sharing”, changing the definition of permanent establishment by creating a new concept of “virtual (digital) permanent establishment”. It is concluded that the first component of the OECD concept and amending bilateral international tax conventions to include the definition of digital representation seem to be the most promising development options.